For Future ID3 at Jesus College in Cambridge on 18 – 20 March 2019, I took part in a panel discussion on ‘Practical inclusion, or how to walk the last mile’. Here, you can download my paper, which went along with my participation.
Abstract
Amidst a choice of technologies, diversity of policy frameworks, and emergent priorities, countries that intend to upgrade their identity and identification systems today find themselves drawn into a complex vortex. Apart from the national and foundational perspective within which the tensions between civil registration and identification are situated, border crossing and its international context is yet another area where identity and identification play a dominant role.
Ideas and concepts are being developed independently both nationally and internationally and a further schism is being caused by the independent development of the law and technology in both spheres. Is this a last-mile problem or something fundamental? A few situations are presented that throw light on the issues involved and an attempt is made to imagine the impact and the influences on the future course.
Sanjay Dharwadker 
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